<p style="text-align: left;">Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a form of neurostimulation that delivers a small, pulsed, alternating current via electrodes on the head. Recently, a systematic review (2018) found insufficient evidence that CES has clinically impactful effects on fibromyalgia, headache, neuromusculoskeletal pain, degenerative joint pain, depression, or insomnia and there is low-strength evidence suggesting modest benefit in patients with anxiety and depression (Shekelle et al, 2018)<br></p>